Functions - String
==================
The following string functions are supported: 

`ASCII`_,
`BASE16_DECODE`_,
`BASE16_ENCODE`_,
`BASE64_DECODE`_,
`BASE64_ENCODE`_,
`CHAR`_, 
`CHAR_UTF8`_, 
`CHARACTER_LENGTH`_, 
`CHAR_LENGTH`_, 
`CHAR_LENGTH_UTF8`_, 
`CONCAT`_, 
`DECIMAL_TO_STRING`_,
`INSERT`_, 
`INSERT_UTF8`_, 
`INSTR`_,
`INSTR_UTF8`_,
`IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT`_,
`LCASE`_,
`LCASE_UTF8`_,
`LEFT`_,
`LEFT_UTF8`_,
`LENGTH`_,
`LOCATE`_,
`LOCATE_UTF8`_,
`LOWER`_,
`LOWER_UTF8`_,
`LTRIM`_,
`OCTET_LENGTH`_,
`PARSE_TIME`_,
`PARSE_NSECTIME`_,
`POSITION`_,
`POSITION_UTF8`_,
`REGEX_EXTRACT`_,
`REGEX_EXTRACT_UTF8`_,
`REGEX_MATCH`_,
`REGEX_MATCH_UTF8`_,
`REGEX_REPLACE`_,
`REGEX_REPLACE_UTF8`_,
`REPEAT`_,
`REPLACE`_,
`RIGHT`_,
`RIGHT_UTF8`_,
`RTRIM`_,
`SPACE`_,
`STR`_,
`STRCMP`_,
`STRLEN`_,
`STR_TO_UTF8`_,
`STRING_TO_DECIMAL`_,
`SUBSTR`_,
`SUBSTR_UTF8`_,
`SUBSTRING`_,
`SUBSTRING_UTF8`_,
`TOKEN`_,
`TOSTRING`_,
`TRIM`_,
`UCASE`_,
`UCASE_UTF8`_,
`UPPER`_,
`UPPER_UTF8`_,
`URLENCODE`_,
`URLDECODE`_,
`UTF8_TO_STR`_.



ASCII
#####

Returns the ASCII code of the first character in the string value.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int ASCII(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: ASCII Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, EXCHANGE, ASCII(EXCHANGE) as S_ASCII
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 10

.. csv-table:: ASCII Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,EXCHANGE,S_ASCII

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,Q,81
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,Q,81
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,P,80
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,P,80
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,P,80
   5,2024-01-03 00:05:06.042217019,50.4896,1,D,68
   6,2024-01-03 00:07:11.737983252,50.4897,1,D,68
   7,2024-01-03 00:12:17.787582635,50.49,1,D,68
   8,2024-01-03 00:13:16.630750984,50.49,3,P,80
   9,2024-01-03 00:14:14.187418230,50.49,100,P,80
   

BASE16_DECODE
#############

Decodes the string with Base16 algorithm in accordance with RFC 4648.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string BASE16_DECODE (string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: BASE16_DECODE Function Example

   select '40465449' as EXPRESSION, BASE16_DECODE('40465449') as S_BASE16_DECODE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: BASE16_DECODE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_BASE16_DECODE
   
   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,40465449,@FTI



BASE16_ENCODE
#############

Encodes the string with Base16 algorithm in accordance with RFC 4648.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string BASE16_ENCODE (string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: BASE16_ENCODE Function Example

   select COND,BASE16_ENCODE(COND) as S_BASE16_ENCODE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: BASE16_DECODE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_BASE16_ENCODE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,40465449




BASE64_DECODE
#############

Decodes the string with Base64 algorithm in accordance with RFC 4648.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string BASE64_DECODE (string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: BASE64_DECODE Function Example

   select 'QEZUSQ==' as EXPRESSION, BASE64_DECODE('QEZUSQ==') as S_BASE64_DECODE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: BASE64_DECODE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_BASE64_DECODE
   
   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,QEZUSQ==,@FTI


BASE64_ENCODE
#############

Encodes the string with Base64 algorithm in accordance with RFC 4648.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string BASE64_ENCODE (string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: BASE64_ENCODE Function Example

   select COND,BASE64_ENCODE(COND) as S_BASE64_ENCODE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: BASE16_DECODE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_BASE64_ENCODE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,QEZUSQ==


CHAR
####

Returns a 1-character string with the character corresponding to the ASCII code passed as a parameter.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string CHAR(int ascii_code)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: CHAR Function Example

   select CHAR(68) as S_CHAR
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: CHAR Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,S_CHAR

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,D


CHAR_UTF8
#########

Returns a 1-character string with the character corresponding to the UTF8 code passed as a parameter.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string CHAR_UTF8(int utf8_code)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: CHAR_UTF8 Function Example

   select CHAR_UTF8(8364) as S_CHAR_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: CHAR_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,S_CHAR_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,€




CHARACTER_LENGTH
################

Returns the length of the string. If a byte with value 0 is present in the string, its position (0-based) is returned.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int CHARACTER_LENGTH(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: CHARACTER_LENGTH Function Example

   select 'OneTick SQL' as EXPRESSION, CHARACTER_LENGTH('OneTick SQL') as N_CHARACTER_LENGTH
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: CHARACTER_LENGTH Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,N_CHARACTER_LENGTH

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,OneTick SQL,11


CHAR_LENGTH
###########

Returns the length of the string. If a byte with value 0 is present in the string, its position (0-based) is returned.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int CHAR_LENGTH(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: CHAR_LENGTH Function Example

   select 'OneTick SQL' as EXPRESSION, CHAR_LENGTH('OneTick SQL') as N_CHAR_LENGTH
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: CHAR_LENGTH Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,N_CHAR_LENGTH

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,OneTick SQL,11


CHAR_LENGTH_UTF8
################

Returns the length of the UTF8 string. If a byte with value 0 is present in the string, its position (0-based) is returned.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int CHAR_LENGTH_UTF8(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: CHAR_LENGTH_UTF8 Function Example

   select CHAR_LENGTH_UTF8('OneTick SQL with Accénts €') as N_CHAR_LENGTH_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: CHAR_LENGTH_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,N_CHAR_LENGTH_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,26



CONCAT
######

Returns a string that is the result of concatenating value2 to value1.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string CONCAT(string value1, string value2)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: CONCAT Function Example

   select EXCHANGE, COND, CONCAT(EXCHANGE,COND) as S_CONCAT
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: CONCAT Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXCHANGE,COND,S_CONCAT

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,Q,@FTI,Q@FTI



DECIMAL_TO_STRING
#################

Converts decimal number into a string. Precision, defaulting to 8, specifies the number of decimal digits after the decimal point.


| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string DECIMAL_TO_STRING(decimal number, integer precision)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: DECIMAL_TO_STRING Function Example

   select DECIMAL_TO_STRING(DECIMAL_PI(),15) as S_DECIMAL_TO_STRING
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: CONCAT Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,S_DECIMAL_TO_STRING

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,3.141592653589793


INSERT
######

Returns a string where ``length`` characters have been deleted from ``value1``, beginning at ``start``, and where ``value2`` has been inserted into string, beginning at ``start``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string INSERT(string value1, int start, int length, string value2)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: INSERT Function Example

   select COND, INSERT(COND,2,0,'X') as S_INSERT
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: INSERT Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_INSERT

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@XFTI


INSERT_UTF8
###########

Returns a UTF8 string where ``length`` characters have been deleted from ``value1``, beginning at ``start``, and where ``value2`` has been inserted into string, beginning at ``start``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string INSERT_UTF8(string value1, int start, int length, string value2)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: INSERT_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, INSERT_UTF8(COND,2,0,'€') as S_INSERT_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: INSERT_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_INSERT_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@€FTI



INSTR
#####

If a ``substring`` is found in the ``value``, returns the index of the first character of the substring in the value (0-based). Otherwise, returns -1.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int INSTR(string value,string substring)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: INSTR Function Example

   select COND, INSTR(COND,'T') as N_INSTR
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: INSTR Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,N_INSTR

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,2



INSTR_UTF8
##########

If a ``substring`` is found in the UTF8 string ``value``, returns the index of the first character of the substring in the value (0-based). Otherwise, returns -1.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int INSTR_UTF8(string value,string substring)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: INSTR_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, INSTR_UTF8(COND,'€') as N_INSTR_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: INSTR_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,N_INSTR_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,-1



IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT
####################

Returns true if the value of the field specified by ``field`` contains at least one character from the character set specified by ``characters``. Otherwise, returns false.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``bool IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT(string field,string characters)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT Function Example

   select PRICE,SIZE, COND, IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT(COND,'IBCGHLMNPQRVWZ479') as S_IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'  
   limit 10

.. csv-table:: IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,Time,PRICE,SIZE,COND,S_IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,@FTI,1.0
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,@FTI,1.0
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,@ TI,1.0
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,@ T ,0.0
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,@ TI,1.0
   5,2024-01-03 00:05:06.042217019,50.4896,1,@ TI,1.0
   6,2024-01-03 00:07:11.737983252,50.4897,1,@ TI,1.0
   7,2024-01-03 00:12:17.787582635,50.49,1,@ TI,1.0
   8,2024-01-03 00:13:16.630750984,50.49,3,@ TI,1.0
   9,2024-01-03 00:14:14.187418230,50.49,100,@ T ,0.0


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT Function as an where clause include filter Example

   select PRICE,SIZE, COND
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'
   and IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT(COND,'IBCGHLMNPQRVWZ479') = TRUE
   limit 10

.. csv-table:: IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT Function as a where clause include filter Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,COND

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,@FTI
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,@FTI
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,@ TI
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,@ TI
   4,2024-01-03 00:05:06.042217019,50.4896,1,@ TI
   5,2024-01-03 00:07:11.737983252,50.4897,1,@ TI
   6,2024-01-03 00:12:17.787582635,50.49,1,@ TI
   7,2024-01-03 00:13:16.630750984,50.49,3,@ TI
   8,2024-01-03 00:20:42.328826087,50.49,45,@ TI
   9,2024-01-03 00:20:42.328826226,50.49,25,@ TI


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT Function as an where clause exclude filter Example

   select PRICE,SIZE, COND
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'
   and IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT(COND,'IBCGHLMNPQRVWZ479') = FALSE
   limit 10

.. csv-table:: IS_CHARACTER_PRESENT Function as a where clause include filter Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,COND

   0,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,@ T 
   1,2024-01-03 00:14:14.187418230,50.49,100,@ T 
   2,2024-01-03 00:47:09.486020152,50.49,100,@FT 
   3,2024-01-03 00:47:58.373425468,50.48,200,@ T 
   4,2024-01-03 00:50:55.662956337,50.47,100,@ T 
   5,2024-01-03 00:50:55.662956474,50.47,100,@ T 
   6,2024-01-03 00:54:39.124665866,50.47,272,@FT 
   7,2024-01-03 00:58:00.488692602,50.49,155,@FT 
   8,2024-01-03 11:09:22.666731671,50.19,181,@FT 
   9,2024-01-03 11:09:22.671341239,50.2,199,@ T 




LCASE
#####

Converts a string to lower case.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string LCASE(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LCASE Function Example

   select COND, LCASE(COND) as S_LCASE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: LCASE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_LCASE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@fti



LCASE_UTF8
##########

Converts a UTF8 string to lower case.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string LCASE_UTF8(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LCASE_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, LCASE_UTF8(COND) as S_LCASE_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: LCASE_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_LCASE_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@fti


LEFT
####

Returns the leftmost count of characters from a string value.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string LEFT(string value, int count)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LEFT Function Example

   select COND, LEFT(COND,1) as S_LEFT
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: LEFT Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_LEFT

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@


LEFT_UTF8
#########

Returns the leftmost count of characters from a UTF8 string value.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string LEFT_UTF8(string value, int count)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LEFT_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, LEFT_UTF8(COND,1) as S_LEFT_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: LEFT_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_LEFT_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@


LENGTH
######

Returns the length of the string. If a byte with value 0 is present in the string, its position (0-based) is returned.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int LENGTH(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LENGTH Function Example

   select 'OneTick SQL' as EXPRESSION, LENGTH('OneTick SQL') as N_LENGTH
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: LENGTH Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,N_LENGTH

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,OneTick SQL,11


LOCATE
######

Returns the starting position of the first occurrence of ``value1`` within ``value2``.
The search for the first occurrence of ``value1`` begins with the character position indicated by ``start`` in ``value2``. 
Default value of optional parameter ``start`` is 1.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int LOCATE(string value1, string value2[, int start])``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LOCATE Function Example

   select COND, LOCATE('I',COND) as N_LOCATE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: LOCATE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,N_LOCATE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,4


LOCATE_UTF8
###########

Returns the starting position of the first occurrence of ``value1`` within ``value2``.
The search for the first occurrence of ``value1`` begins with the character position indicated by ``start`` in ``value2``. 
Default value of optional parameter ``start`` is 1.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int LOCATE_UTF8(string value1, string value2[, int start])``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LOCATE_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, LOCATE_UTF8('I',COND) as N_LOCATE_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: LOCATE_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,N_LOCATE_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,4


LOWER
#####

Converts a string to lower case.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string LOWER(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LOWER Function Example

   select COND, LOWER(COND) as S_LOWER
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: LOWER Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_LOWER

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@fti


LOWER_UTF8
##########

Converts a UTF8 string to lower case.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string LOWER_UTF8(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LOWER_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, LOWER_UTF8(COND) as S_LOWER_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: LOWER_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_LOWER_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@fti


LTRIM
#####

Removes the leading white spaces from a string. See also RTRIM and TRIM.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string LTRIM(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LTRIM Function Example

   select ' ' + COND as EXPRESSION, LTRIM(' ' + COND) as S_LTRIM
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: LTRIM Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_LTRIM

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416, @FTI,@FTI


OCTET_LENGTH
############

Returns the length of the string. If a byte with value 0 is present in the string, its position (0-based) is returned.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int OCTET_LENGTH(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: OCTET_LENGTH Function Example

   select 'OneTick SQL' as EXPRESSION, OCTET_LENGTH('OneTick SQL') as N_OCTET_LENGTH
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: OCTET_LENGTH Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,N_OCTET_LENGTH

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,OneTick SQL,11



PARSE_NSECTIME
##############

Parses the formatted time string, converting it to the number of nanoseconds since 1970/01/01 GMT. Timezone parameter is optional, by default UTC timezone is used.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``datetime PARSE_NSECTIME(string format,string formatted_time [,string timezone])``

The format might contain any characters, but the following combinations of characters have special meanings:

- ``%Y`` - Year (4 digits)
- ``%y`` - Year (2 digits)
- ``%m`` - Month (2 digits)
- ``%d`` - Day of month (2 digits)
- ``%H`` - Hours (2 digits, 24-hour format)
- ``%I`` - Hours (2 digits, 12-hour format)
- ``%M`` - Minutes (2 digits)
- ``%S`` - Seconds (2 digits)
- ``%q`` - Milliseconds (3 digits)
- ``%J`` - Nanoseconds (9 digits)
- ``%p`` - AM/PM (2 characters)

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: PARSE_NSECTIME Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, PARSE_NSECTIME('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%J','2025-04-01 10:11:12.345678','America/New_York') as T_PARSE_TIME
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 14:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 15:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1


.. csv-table:: PARSE_NSECTIME Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,PRICE,SIZE,T_PARSE_NSECTIME

   0,2024-01-03 14:00:11.390056347,50.17,300,2025-04-01 14:11:12.345678




PARSE_TIME
##########

Parses the formatted time string, converting it to the number of milliseconds since 1970/01/01 GMT. Timezone parameter is optional, by default UTC timezone is used.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``datetime PARSE_TIME(string format,string formatted_time[,string timezone])``

The format might contain any characters, but the following combinations of characters have special meanings:

- ``%Y`` - Year (4 digits)
- ``%y`` - Year (2 digits)
- ``%m`` - Month (2 digits)
- ``%d`` - Day of month (2 digits)
- ``%H`` - Hours (2 digits, 24-hour format)
- ``%I`` - Hours (2 digits, 12-hour format)
- ``%M`` - Minutes (2 digits)
- ``%S`` - Seconds (2 digits)
- ``%q`` - Milliseconds (3 digits)
- ``%J`` - Nanoseconds (9 digits)
- ``%p`` - AM/PM (2 characters)


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: PARSE_TIME Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, PARSE_TIME('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%J','2025-04-01 10:11:12.345678','America/New_York') as T_PARSE_TIME
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 14:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 15:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1


.. csv-table:: PARSE_TIME Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,PRICE,SIZE,T_PARSE_TIME

   0,2024-01-03 14:00:11.390056347,50.17,300,2025-04-01 14:11:12.345



POSITION
########

Returns the position of ``value1`` in ``value2``. The lowest valid value of position is 1. If ``value1`` was not found in ``value2``, 0 is returned.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int POSITION(string value1, string value2)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: POSITION Function Example

   select COND, POSITION('I',COND) as N_POSITION
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: POSITION Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,COND,N_POSITION

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,4
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,4
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,4
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,0
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,4



POSITION_UTF8
#############

Returns the position of ``value1`` in ``value2``. The lowest valid value of position is 1. If ``value1`` was not found in ``value2``, 0 is returned.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int POSITION_UTF8(string value1, string value2)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: POSITION_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, POSITION_UTF8('I',COND) as N_POSITION_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: POSITION_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,COND,N_POSITION_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,4
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,4
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,4
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,0
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,4



REGEX_EXTRACT
#############

Matches the ``text`` against the regular expression specified by the ``pattern`` parameter. The expressions are specified via the POSIX extended regular expression syntax.
If the match was successful, the function returns a string consisting of the first match and/or its parenthesized groups and constant string literals. 
The ``rewrite`` parameter specifies the format of the returned string.
Within the rewrite string, you can use backslash-escaped digits (``\1`` to ``\9``) to insert text matching the corresponding parenthesized group from the regular expression. 
``\0`` in the rewrite refers to the entire matching text.
Additionally, you can use the ``\u`` and ``\l`` modifiers within the rewrite string to convert the case of the text that matches the corresponding parenthesized group (
for example, ``\u1`` converts ``\1`` to uppercase and ``\l2`` converts ``\2`` to lowercase).
If the ``caseless`` flag is set to true, matching is case-insensitive. The default value of optional parameter caseless is false.


| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string REGEX_EXTRACT(string text, string pattern, string rewrite[, Boolean caseless])``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: REGEX_EXTRACT Function Example

   select COND, REGEX_EXTRACT(COND, '[F-I]','\\0') as S_REGEX_EXTRACT
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: REGEX_EXTRACT Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,COND,S_REGEX_EXTRACT

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,F
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,F
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,I
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,I



REGEX_EXTRACT_UTF8
##################

Matches the UTF8 ``text`` against the regular expression specified by the ``pattern`` parameter. The expressions are specified via the POSIX extended regular expression syntax.
If the match was successful, the function returns a string consisting of the first match and/or its parenthesized groups and constant string literals. 
The ``rewrite`` parameter specifies the format of the returned string.
Within the rewrite string, you can use backslash-escaped digits (``\1`` to ``\9``) to insert text matching the corresponding parenthesized group from the regular expression. 
``\0`` in the rewrite refers to the entire matching text.
Additionally, you can use the ``\u`` and ``\l`` modifiers within the rewrite string to convert the case of the text that matches the corresponding parenthesized group (
for example, ``\u1`` converts ``\1`` to uppercase and ``\l2`` converts ``\2`` to lowercase).
If the ``caseless`` flag is set to true, matching is case-insensitive. The default value of optional parameter caseless is false.


| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string REGEX_EXTRACT_UTF8(string text, string pattern, string rewrite[, Boolean caseless])``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: REGEX_EXTRACT_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, REGEX_EXTRACT_UTF8(COND, '[F-I]','\\0') as S_REGEX_EXTRACT_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: REGEX_EXTRACT_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,COND,S_REGEX_EXTRACT_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,F
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,F
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,I
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,I


REGEX_MATCH
###########

Matches the ``text`` against the regular expression specified by the ``pattern`` parameter. The expressions are specified via the POSIX extended regular expression syntax.
If the match was successful, the function returns true; otherwise, it returns false.
If the ``caseless`` flag is set to true, matching is case-insensitive. The default value of optional parameter caseless is false.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``bool REGEX_MATCH(string text, string pattern [, Boolean caseless])``



.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: REGEX_MATCH Function Example

   select COND, REGEX_MATCH(COND, '[F-I]') as N_REGEX_MATCH
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: REGEX_MATCH Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,COND,N_REGEX_MATCH

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,1.0
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,1.0
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,1.0
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,0.0
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,1.0


REGEX_MATCH_UTF8
################

Matches the UTF8 ``text`` against the regular expression specified by the ``pattern`` parameter. The expressions are specified via the POSIX extended regular expression syntax.
If the match was successful, the function returns true; otherwise, it returns false.
If the ``caseless`` flag is set to true, matching is case-insensitive. The default value of optional parameter caseless is false.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``bool REGEX_MATCH_UTF8(string text, string pattern [, Boolean caseless])``


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: REGEX_MATCH_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, REGEX_MATCH_UTF8(COND, '[F-I]') as N_REGEX_MATCH_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: REGEX_MATCH_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,COND,N_REGEX_MATCH_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,1.0
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,1.0
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,1.0
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,0.0
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,1.0



REGEX_REPLACE
#############

Matches the ``text`` against the regular expression specified by the ``pattern`` parameter. The expressions are specified via the POSIX extended regular expression syntax.

If the ``global`` flag is set to true, the function replaces all the matches of the regular expression in the ``text`` with the rewrite. Otherwise, only the first match is replaced. 
The default value of optional parameter ``global`` is false.

Within the ``rewrite`` string, you can use backslash-escaped digits (``\1`` to ``\9``) to insert text matching the corresponding parenthesized group from the regular expression. 
``\0`` in the rewrite refers to the entire matching text.

If the ``caseless`` flag is set to true, matching is case-insensitive. The default value of optional parameter ``caseless`` is false.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string REGEX_REPLACE(string text, string pattern, string rewrite [, Boolean global], Boolean caseless])``


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: REGEX_REPLACE Function Example

   select COND, REGEX_REPLACE(COND, '[F-I]','X') as S_REGEX_REPLACE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: REGEX_REPLACE Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,COND,S_REGEX_REPLACE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@XTI
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,@XTI
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,@ TX
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,@ T 
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,@ TX



REGEX_REPLACE_UTF8
##################

Matches the  UTF8 ``text`` against the regular expression specified by the ``pattern`` parameter. The expressions are specified via the POSIX extended regular expression syntax.

If the ``global`` flag is set to true, the function replaces all the matches of the regular expression in the ``text`` with the rewrite. Otherwise, only the first match is replaced. 
The default value of optional parameter ``global`` is false.

Within the ``rewrite`` string, you can use backslash-escaped digits (``\1`` to ``\9``) to insert text matching the corresponding parenthesized group from the regular expression. 
``\0`` in the rewrite refers to the entire matching text.

If the ``caseless`` flag is set to true, matching is case-insensitive. The default value of optional parameter ``caseless`` is false.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string REGEX_REPLACE_UTF8(string text, string pattern, string rewrite [, Boolean global], Boolean caseless])``


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: REGEX_REPLACE_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, REGEX_REPLACE_UTF8(COND, '[F-I]','X') as S_REGEX_REPLACE_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: REGEX_REPLACE_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,COND,S_REGEX_REPLACE_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@XTI
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,@XTI
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,@ TX
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,@ T 
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,@ TX



REPEAT
######

Returns a string composed of the ``value`` repeated ``count`` times.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string REPEAT(string value, int count)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: REPEAT Function Example

   select REPEAT('ONETICK',5) as S_REPEAT
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: REPEAT Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,S_REPEAT

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,ONETICKONETICKONETICKONETICKONETICK



REPLACE
#######

Search ``value1`` for occurrences of ``value2``, and replace with ``value3``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string REPLACE(string value1, string value2, string value3)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: REPLACE Function Example

   select COND, REPLACE(COND,'T','TRADING') as S_REPLACE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: REPEAT Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,S_REPLACE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@FTRADINGI
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,@FTRADINGI
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,@ TRADINGI
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,@ TRADING 
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,@ TRADINGI



RIGHT
#####

Returns the rightmost ``count`` of characters from ``value``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string RIGHT(string value, int count))``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: RIGHT Function Example

   select COND, RIGHT(COND,2) as S_RIGHT
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: RIGHT Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,S_RIGHT

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,TI
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,TI
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,TI
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,T 
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,TI


RIGHT_UTF8
##########

Returns the rightmost ``count`` of characters from UTF8 string ``value``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string RIGHT_UTF8(string value, int count))``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: RIGHT_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, RIGHT_UTF8(COND,2) as S_RIGHT_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: RIGHT_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,TIMESTAMP,S_RIGHT_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,TI
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,TI
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI,TI
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T ,T 
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI,TI




RTRIM
#####

Removes the trailing  white spaces from a string. See also LTRIM and TRIM.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string RTRIM(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: RTRIM Function Example

   select  COND + ' ' as EXPRESSION, RTRIM(COND + ' ') as S_RTRIM
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: RTRIM Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_RTRIM

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI ,@FTI


SPACE
#####

Returns a string consisting of ``count`` spaces.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string SPACE(int count)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: SPACE Function Example

   select SPACE(10) as S_SPACE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: SPACE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,S_SPACE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,


STR
###

Converts ``number`` to string with given ``length`` and ``precision``. 
The specified ``length`` should be greater than or equal to the part of the number before the decimal point plus the number's sign (if any). 
Default value for ``length`` is 10, for ``precision`` 6.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string STR(double number, integer length, integer double_precision)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: STR Function Example

   select PRICE, STR(PRICE,10,2) as S_STR
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: STR Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,S_STR

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,50.56
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,50.57
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,50.52
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,50.51
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,50.49



STRCMP
######

Compares the strings ``value1`` and ``value2``. Returns 0 if they are equal, -1 if ``value1`` is lexicographically smaller than ``value2``, 1 otherwise.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int STRCMP(string value1, string value2)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: STRCMP Function Example

   select STRCMP('hallo','HELLO') as N_STRCMP
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: STR Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,N_STRCMP

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,1





STRLEN
######

Returns the length of the string. If a byte with value 0 is present in the string, its position (0-based) is returned.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int STRLEN(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: STRLEN Function Example

   select 'OneTick SQL' as EXPRESSION, STRLEN('OneTick SQL') as N_STRLEN
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: STRLEN Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,N_STRLEN

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,OneTick SQL,11



STR_TO_UTF8
###########

Returns the specified string re-encoded from ``encoding`` to UTF-8.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string STR_TO_UTF8(string encoding, string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: STR_TO_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, STR_TO_UTF8('ASCII',COND) as S_STR_TO_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: STR_TO_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_STR_TO_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,@FTI


STRING_TO_DECIMAL
#################

Converts the floating point number from the ``string`` representation into decimal. Valid input examples would be "3.14", ".0314E2", "NAN", "INF".

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``decimal STRING_TO_DECIMAL(string)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: STRING_TO_DECIMAL Function Example

   select STRING_TO_DECIMAL('12345678.90123456789') as N_STRING_TO_DECIMAL
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: STRING_TO_DECIMAL Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,N_STRING_TO_DECIMAL

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,12345678.901234567



SUBSTR
######

For a positive ``start_index`` returns ``num_bytes`` of the input string ``value``, starting from the position specified by ``start_index`` (0-based). 
For a negative start_index, the position is counted from the end of the field. 
If the ``num_bytes`` parameter is omitted, returns a part of the input string starting at ``start_index``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string SUBSTR(string value,int start_index,int num_bytes)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: SUBSTR Function Example

   select COND, SUBSTR(COND,1,2) as S_SUBSTR
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: SUBSTR Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_SUBSTR

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,FT
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,FT
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI, T
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T , T
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI, T



SUBSTR_UTF8
###########

For a positive ``start_index`` returns ``num_bytes`` of the input UTF8 string ``value``, starting from the position specified by ``start_index`` (0-based). 
For a negative start_index, the position is counted from the end of the field. 
If the ``num_bytes`` parameter is omitted, returns a part of the input string starting at ``start_index``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string SUBSTR_UTF8(string value,int start_index,int num_bytes)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: SUBSTR_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, SUBSTR_UTF8(COND,1,2) as S_SUBSTR_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: SUBSTR_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_SUBSTR_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,FT
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,FT
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI, T
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T , T
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI, T


SUBSTRING
#########

For a positive ``start_index`` returns ``num_bytes`` of the input string ``value``, starting from the position specified by ``start_index`` (0-based). 
For a negative start_index, the position is counted from the end of the field. 
If the ``num_bytes`` parameter is omitted, returns a part of the input string starting at ``start_index``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string SUBSTRING(string value,int start_index,int num_bytes)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: SUBSTRING Function Example

   select COND, SUBSTRING(COND,1,2) as S_SUBSTRING
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: SUBSTRING Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_SUBSTRING

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,FT
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,FT
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI, T
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T , T
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI, T


SUBSTRING_UTF8
##############

For a positive ``start_index`` returns ``num_bytes`` of the input UTF8 string ``value``, starting from the position specified by ``start_index`` (0-based). 
For a negative start_index, the position is counted from the end of the field. 
If the ``num_bytes`` parameter is omitted, returns a part of the input string starting at ``start_index``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string SUBSTRING_UTF8(string value,int start_index,int num_bytes)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: SUBSTRING_UTF8 Function Example

   select COND, SUBSTRING_UTF8(COND,1,2) as S_SUBSTRING_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: SUBSTRING_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_SUBSTRING_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,FT
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,@FTI,FT
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,@ TI, T
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,@ T , T
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,@ TI, T


TOKEN
#####

Splits the ``value`` into tokens based on the ``delimiter`` and returns Nth token, where N=``token_index`` (0-based), for a positive ``token_index``. 
For a negative ``token_index``, it counts from the end instead of the beginning.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string TOKEN(string value,int token_index,char delimiter)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: TOKEN Function Example

   select 'A:B:C:D' as EXPRESSION,
   TOKEN('A:B:C:D',0,':') as S_TOKEN,
   TOKEN('A:B:C:D',1,':') as S_TOKEN2,
   TOKEN('A:B:C:D',-1,':') as S_TOKEN3,
   TOKEN('A:B:C:D',10,':') as S_TOKEN4,
   TOKEN('A:B:C:D',1,'|') as S_TOKEN5
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1


.. csv-table:: TOKEN Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_TOKEN,S_TOKEN2,S_TOKEN3,S_TOKEN4,S_TOKEN5

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,A:B:C:D,A,B,D,,


TOSTRING
########

Converts the ``number`` into a string in specified ``base`` representation. ``Base`` should be one of 2, 8, 10, 16 or 36; assuming 10, if not specified. 
``double_precision`` specifies the number of digits after the decimal point and should be specified only if the base is 10. If the number is not a double, ``double_precision`` is ignored.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string TOSTRING (double number, integer base, integer double_precision)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: TOSTRING Function Example

   select PRICE, TOSTRING(PRICE) as S_TOSTRING,
   TOSTRING(PRICE,10,2) as S_TOSTRING2,
   TOSTRING(PRICE,10,1) as S_TOSTRING3
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: TOSTRING Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,S_TOSTRING,S_TOSTRING2,S_TOSTRING3

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,50.560000,50.56,50.6


TRIM
#####

Removes white spaces from both sides of the string. See also LTRIM and RTRIM.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string TRIM(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: TRIM Function Example

   select ' ' + COND + ' ' as EXPRESSION, TRIM(' ' + COND + ' ') as S_TRIM
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: TRIM Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_TRIM

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416, @FTI ,@FTI



UCASE
#####

Converts a string ``value`` to upper case.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string UCASE(string value))``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: UCASE Function Example

   select 'Ucase' as EXPRESSION, UCASE('Ucase') as S_UCASE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: UCASE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_UCASE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,Ucase,UCASE


UCASE_UTF8
##########

Converts a UTF8 string to upper case.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string UCASE_UTF8(string value))``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: UCASE_UTF8 Function Example

   select 'Ucasé€' as EXPRESSION, UCASE_UTF8('Ucasé€') as S_UCASE_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: UCASE_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_UCASE_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,Ucasé€,UCASÉ€


UPPER
#####

Converts a string ``value`` to upper case.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string UPPER(string value))``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: UPPER Function Example

   select 'Upper' as EXPRESSION, UPPER('Upper') as S_UPPER
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: UPPER Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_UPPER

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,Upper,UPPER




UPPER_UTF8
##########

Converts a UTF8 string ``value`` to upper case.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string UPPER_UTF8(string value))``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: UPPER_UTF8 Function Example

   select 'Upper€' as EXPRESSION, UPPER_UTF8('Upper€') as S_UPPER_UTF8
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: UPPER_UTF8 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_UPPER_UTF8

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,Upper€,UPPER€



URLENCODE
#########

Modifies the string ``value`` to be URI compliant, in accordance with RFC 3986.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string URLENCODE(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: URLENCODE Function Example

   select COND, URLENCODE(COND) as S_URLENCODE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1


.. csv-table:: URLENCODE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,S_URLENCODE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,%40FTI


URLDECODE
#########

Inverse of URLENCODE.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string URLDECODE(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: URLDECODE Function Example

   select COND, '%40%20T%20' as EXPRESSION, URLDECODE('%40%20T%20') as S_URLDECODE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: URLDECODE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,COND,EXPRESSION,S_URLDECODE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,@FTI,%40%20T%20,@ T


UTF8_TO_STR
###########

Returns the specified string ``value`` re-encoded from UTF-8 to ``encoding``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string UTF8_TO_STR(string encoding, string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: UTF8_TO_STR Function Example

   select '¿Cómo estás?' as EXPRESSION, UTF8_TO_STR('ASCII','¿Cómo estás?') as S_UTF8_TO_STR
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: UTF8_TO_STR Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,S_UTF8_TO_STR

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,¿Cómo estás?,Cmo ests?