Functions - Numeric
===================
The following numeric functions are supported: 

`ABS`_,
`ATOF`_,
`ATOL`_,
`CEIL`_,
`CEILING`_,
`CONVERT_32ND_TO_DOUBLE`_,
`CONVERT_DOUBLE_TO_32ND`_,
`DECIMAL`_,
`DECIMAL_COMPARE`_,
`DECIMAL_INFINITY`_,
`DECIMAL_NAN`_,
`DECIMAL_PI`_, 
`DECIMAL_TO_STRING`_,
`DIV`_,
`DOUBLE_COMPARE`_, 
`EXP`_, 
`FLOOR`_,
`FRAND`_,
`GCD`_,
`INFINITY`_,
`LOG`_,
`LOG_10`_,
`MOD`_,
`NAN`_,
`PI`_,
`POWER`_,
`RAND`_,
`REPLACE_NAN`_,
`ROUND`_,
`ROUND_DOUBLE`_,
`ROUND_DECIMAL`_,
`SIGN`_,
`SQRT`_,
`STRING_TO_DECIMAL`_,
`TOSTRING`_,
`TRUNCATE`_


ABS
###

Returns the absolute value of the ``number``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double/decimal ABS (double/decimal number)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: ABS Function Example

   select PRICE, (PRICE-50.5) as REL_PRICE, ABS(PRICE - 50.5) as N_ABS
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: ABS Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,REL_PRICE,N_ABS

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,0.060000000000002274,0.060000000000002274
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,0.07000000000000028,0.07000000000000028
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,0.020000000000003126,0.020000000000003126
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,0.00999999999999801,0.00999999999999801
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,-0.00999999999999801,0.00999999999999801


ATOF
####

Converts the floating point number from the string representation into double. It supports scientific notation. Special value nan is also supported. 

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double ATOF(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: ATOF Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, ATOF('1.23') as N_ATOF,
   ATOF('nan') as N_ATOF2
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: ABS Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_VALUE,N_VALUE2
   
   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,1.23,
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,1.23,
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,1.23,
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,1.23,
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,1.23,


ATOL
####

Converts the integer number from the string representation into a long integer.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``long ATOL(string value)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: ATOL Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, ATOL('1.23') as N_ATOL,
   ATOL('nan') as N_ATOL2
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: ATOL Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_ATOL,N_ATOL2

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,1,0
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,1,0
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,1,0
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,1,0
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,1,0


CEIL
####

Returns a long integer value representing the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to the number.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``long CEIL(double/decimal number)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: CEIL Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, CEIL(PRICE) as N_CEIL
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: CEIL Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_CEIL

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,51
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,51
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,51
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,51
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,51


CEILING
#######

Returns a long integer value representing the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to the number.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``long CEILING(double/decimal number)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: CEILING Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, CEILING(PRICE) as N_CEILING
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: CEILING Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_CEILING

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,51
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,51
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,51
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,51
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,51


CONVERT_32ND_TO_DOUBLE
######################

Converts 32nds format ``32nds_string`` to double. If throw_if_not_convertible flag is set to true, the function will throw an exception on error, otherwise it will return NaN. throw_if_not_convertible parameter is optional, with default value true.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double CONVERT_32NDS_TO_DOUBLE (string 32nds_string [, boolean throw_if_not_convertible])``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: CONVERT_32NDS_TO_DOUBLE Function Example

   select '99-30' as EXPRESSION, CONVERT_32NDS_TO_DOUBLE('99-30') AS N_32NDS
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: CONVERT_32NDS_TO_DOUBLE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,EXPRESSION,N_32NDS

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,99-30,99.9375


CONVERT_DOUBLE_TO_32ND
######################

Converts double number to 32nds format string. If throw_if_not_convertible flag is set is to true, function will throw an exception if it can not convert double to a 32nds string, otherwise it will return a string whose double implementation is close to the given number. throw_if_not_convertible parameter is optional, with default value true.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string CONVERT_DOUBLE_TO_32NDS (double number [, boolean throw_if_not_convertible])``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: CONVERT_DOUBLE_TO_32NDS Function Example

   select CONVERT_DOUBLE_TO_32NDS(99.5) AS S_32NDS
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: CONVERT_DOUBLE_TO_32NDS Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,S_32NDS

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,99-16




DECIMAL
#######

Constructs a decimal number from a long/double ``number`` (usually a literal).

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``decimal DECIMAL(long/double number)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: DECIMAL Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, DECIMAL(PRICE) as D_PRICE, DECIMAL(SIZE) as D_SIZE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: DECIMAL Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,D_PRICE,D_SIZE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,50.56,17.0
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,50.57,33.0
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,50.52,26.0
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,50.51,123.0
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,50.49,3.0


DECIMAL_COMPARE
###############

Returns 0 if ``number1`` = ``number2``, 1 if ``number1`` > ``number2``, and -1 if ``number1`` < ``number2``. 
``number1`` is considered to be equal to ``number2`` if both of them are NaN or ABS(``number1`` - ``number2``) / (ABS(``number1``) + ABS(``number2``)) < ``eps``. 
``eps`` represents a relative difference (percentage) between the two numbers, not an absolute difference.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``integer DECIMAL_COMPARE(decimal number1, decimal number2, decimal eps)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: DECIMAL_COMPARE Function Example

   select PRICE,SIZE, DECIMAL_COMPARE(DECIMAL(PRICE), DECIMAL(SIZE),DECIMAL(0.0001)) as D_COMPARE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: DECIMAL_COMPARE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,D_COMPARE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,1
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,1
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,1
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,-1
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,1


DECIMAL_INFINITY
################

Returns decimal positive infinity.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``decimal DECIMAL_INFINITY()``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: DECIMAL_INFINITY Function Example

   select DECIMAL_INFINITY() as D_INFINITY
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: DECIMAL_INFINITY Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,D_INFINITY

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,inf


DECIMAL_NAN
###########

Returns decimal NaN.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``decimal DECIMAL_NAN()``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: DECIMAL_NAN Function Example

   select DECIMAL_NAN() as D_NAN
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: DECIMAL_NAN Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,D_NAN

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,


DECIMAL_PI
##########

Returns decimal PI.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``decimal DECIMAL_PI()``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: DECIMAL_PI Function Example

   select DECIMAL_PI() as D_PI
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: DECIMAL_PI Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,D_PI

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,3.141592653589793


DECIMAL_TO_STRING
#################

Converts decimal ``number`` into a string. ``precision``, defaulting to 8, specifies the number of decimal digits after the decimal point.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string DECIMAL_TO_STRING(decimal number, integer precision)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: DECIMAL_TO_STRING Function Example

   select DECIMAL_TO_STRING(DECIMAL_PI(),15) as S_DECIMAL_TO_STRING
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1

.. csv-table:: DECIMAL_TO_STRING Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,S_DECIMAL_TO_STRING

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,3.141592653589793



DIV
###

Computes the quotient by dividing number1 by number2.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int DIV(integer number1, integer number2)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: DIV Function Example

   select PRICE,SIZE,DIV(PRICE,SIZE) N_DIV
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5

.. csv-table:: DIV Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_DIV

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,2
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,1
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,1
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,0
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,16


DOUBLE_COMPARE
##############

Returns 0 if ``number1`` = ``number2``, 1 if ``number1`` > ``number2``, and -1 if ``number1`` < ``number2``. 
For the purposes of this function, ``number1`` is considered to be equal to ``number2`` if both of them are NaN or ABS(``number1`` - ``number2``) / (ABS(``number1``) + ABS(``number2``)) < ``eps``. 
``eps`` represents a relative difference (percentage) between the two numbers, not an absolute difference.


| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double DOUBLE_COMPARE(double number1, double number2, double eps)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: DOUBLE_COMPARE Function Example

   select PRICE,SIZE, DOUBLE_COMPARE(PRICE, SIZE,0.0001) as N_COMPARE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: DOUBLE_COMPARE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_COMPARE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,1
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,1
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,1
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,-1
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,1


EXP
###

Computes the natural exponential of the number.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double/decimal EXP(double/decimal number)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: EXP Function Example

   select PRICE,SIZE, EXP(SIZE) as N_EXP
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: EXP Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,,N_EXP

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,24154952.7535753
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,214643579785916.06
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,195729609428.83878
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,2.6195173187490626e+53
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,20.085536923187668


FLOOR
#####

Returns a long integer value representing the largest integer that is less than or equal to the number.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``long FLOOR(double/decimal number)``


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: FLOOR Function Example

   select PRICE,FLOOR(PRICE) as N_FLOOR
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: FLOOR Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,N_FLOOR

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,50
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,50
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,50
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,50
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,50


FRAND
#####

Returns a pseudo-random value in the range between min and max. If parameter seed not specified, the function produces different values each time a query is invoked. If specified, the function produces the same sequence of values each time a query is invoked.
Accepts at most 3 parameters. Meaning of different number of parameters is as follows.

- 0 parameter -> min=0, max=1, no seed
- 1 parameter -> min=0, max=1, seed=1st param
- 2 parameters -> min=1st param, max=2nd param, no seed
- 0 parameters -> min=1st param, max=2nd param, seed=3rd param


| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double FRAND(double min, double max, integer seed)``


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: FRAND Function Example

   select FRAND(0.1,5.7) as N_FRAND
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1


.. csv-table:: FRAND Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,N_FRAND

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,0.47863462845731286




GCD
###

Computes the greatest common divisor.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int GCD(integer number1, integer number2)``


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: GCD Function Example

   select GCD(45,30) as N_GCD
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1


.. csv-table:: GCD Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,N_GCD

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,15

INFINITY
########

Returns positive infinity. Comparison of INFINITY() to positive infinite value returns true.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double INFINITY()``


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: INFINITY Function Example

   select INFINITY() as N_INFINITY
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1


.. csv-table:: INFINITY Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,N_INFINITY

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,inf


LOG
###

Computes the natural logarithm of a ``number``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double/decimal LOG(double/decimal number)``


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LOG Function Example

   select PRICE,SIZE, LOG(SIZE) as N_LOG
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: LOG Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_LOG

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,2.833213344056216
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,3.4965075614664802
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,3.258096538021482
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,4.812184355372417
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,1.0986122886681098


LOG_10
######

Computes the base-10 logarithm of a ``number``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double/decimal LOG10(double/decimal number)``


.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: LOG10 Function Example

   select PRICE,SIZE, LOG10(SIZE) as N_LOG10
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: LOG10 Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_LOG10

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,1.2304489213782739
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,1.5185139398778875
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,1.414973347970818
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,2.089905111439398
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,0.47712125471966244


MOD
###

Computes the remainder from dividing ``number1`` by ``number2``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``long MOD(long number1, long number2)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: MOD Function Example

   select PRICE,SIZE, MOD(PRICE,SIZE) as N_MOD
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: MOD Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_MOD

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,16
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,17
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,24
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,50
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,2


NAN
###

Returns NaN. Comparison of NAN() to NaN returns true.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double NAN()``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: NAN Function Example

   select NAN() as N_NAN
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1


.. csv-table:: NAN Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_NAN

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,



PI
##

Returns PI = 3.14159265358979.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double PI()``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: PI Function Example

   select PI() as N_PI
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1


.. csv-table:: PI Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_PI

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,3.14159265358979





POWER
#####

Computes the ``base`` to the power of the ``exponent``.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double/decimal POWER(double/decimal base, double/decimal exponent)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: POWER Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, POWER(SIZE,2) as N_POWER
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5



.. csv-table:: POWER Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_POWER

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,289.0
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,1089.0
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,676.0
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,15129.0
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,9.0



RAND
####

Returns a pseudo-random value in the range between ``min`` and ``max``. The parameter seed is optional. 

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double RAND (long min, long max,integer seed)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: RAND Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, RAND(0,9) as N_RAND
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5



.. csv-table:: RAND Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_RAND

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,8.500822897768032
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,6.745463457305666
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,5.2671284187897704
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,7.668813596791035
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,7.963963411731628


REPLACE_NAN
###########

Returns ``number2`` if ``number1`` is NaN.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double/decimal REPLACE_NAN(double/decimal number1, double/decimal number2)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: REPLACE_NAN Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, REPLACE_NAN(PRICE,0) as N_REPLACE_NAN
   from CME_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='GC\Z24'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: REPLACE_NAN Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_REPLACE_NAN

   0,2024-01-03 00:10:35.379937645,2157.1,1,2157.1
   1,2024-01-03 00:24:51.617408695,2158.2,1,2158.2
   2,2024-01-03 00:32:00.925415781,,1,0.0
   3,2024-01-03 01:14:00.628316297,2159.1,1,2159.1
   4,2024-01-03 01:16:22.723165427,,1,0.0


ROUND
#####

Returns a long integer value representing the integer that is the absolute value of the difference of the ``number``, and this integer is smallest. 
If there are two such integers, it returns the greater one (i.e., ROUND(1.5) = 2 and ROUND(-1.5) = -1).

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``long ROUND(double/decimal number)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: ROUND Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, ROUND(PRICE) as N_ROUND
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: ROUND Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_ROUND

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,51
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,51
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,51
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,51
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,50




ROUND_DECIMAL
#############

Returns the same ``number`` rounded in the specified ``precision`` with specified ``rounding_method``.  Rounding method parameter is optional (by default rounding method = UPWARD). 
There are four rounding methods: ``UPWARD``, ``DOWNWARD``, ``TOWARDS_ZERO`` ``AWAY_FROM_ZERO``

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``decimal ROUND_DECIMAL(decimal number, integer precision [, string rounding_method])``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: ROUND_DECIMAL Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, ROUND_DECIMAL(PRICE,1) as N_ROUND_DECIMAL
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: ROUND_DECIMAL Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_ROUND_DECIMAL

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,50.6
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,50.6
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,50.5
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,50.5
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,50.5



ROUND_DOUBLE
############

Returns the same ``number`` rounded to the specified number of decimal digits (``precision``) after the decimal point with specified rounding method. ``rounding_method`` parameter is optional. The precision should be an integer from [-12, 12].

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double ROUND_DOUBLE(double number, integer precision [, string rounding_method])``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: ROUND_DOUBLE Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, ROUND_DOUBLE(PRICE,1) as N_ROUND_DOUBLE
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: ROUND_DOUBLE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_ROUND_DOUBLE

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,50.6
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,50.6
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,50.5
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,50.5
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,50.5



SIGN
####

Computes the sign of the number: -1 for Negative, 0 for Zero, 1 for Positive.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``int SIGN(double/decimal number)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: SIGN Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, (SIZE-33) as SIZEM33, SIGN(SIZE-33) as N_SIGN
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: SIGN Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,SIZEM33,N_SIGN

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,-16,-1
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,0,0
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,-7,-1
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,90,1
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,-30,-1



SQRT
####

Computes the square root of the number.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double SQRT(double/decimal number)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: SQRT Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, SQRT(SIZE) as N_SQRT
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: SQRT Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_SQRT

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,4.123105625617661
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,5.744562646538029
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,5.0990195135927845
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,11.090536506409418
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,1.7320508075688772


STRING_TO_DECIMAL
#################

Converts the floating point number from the string representation into decimal. Valid input examples would be "3.14", ".0314E2", "NAN", "INF".

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``decimal STRING_TO_DECIMAL(string)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: STRING_TO_DECIMAL Function Example

   select STRING_TO_DECIMAL('12345678.90123456789') as N_STRING_TO_DECIMAL
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 1


.. csv-table:: STRING_TO_DECIMAL Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,N_STRING_TO_DECIMAL

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,12345678.901234567


TOSTRING
########

Converts the ``number`` into a string in specified base representation. 
`base`` should be one of 2, 8, 10, 16 or 36; assuming 10, if not specified. 
``double_precision`` specifies the number of digits after the decimal point and should be specified only if the base is 10. 
If the ``number`` is not a double, double_precision is ignored.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``string TOSTRING (double number, integer base, integer double_precision)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: TOSTRING Function Example

   select PRICE, SIZE, TOSTRING(PRICE) as S_TOSTRING,
   TOSTRING(PRICE,10,2) as S_TOSTRING2,
   TOSTRING(PRICE,10,1) as S_TOSTRING3
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: TOSTRING Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,S_TOSTRING,S_TOSTRING2,S_TOSTRING3

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,50.56,17,50.560000,50.56,50.6
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,50.57,33,50.570000,50.57,50.6
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,50.52,26,50.520000,50.52,50.5
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,50.51,123,50.510000,50.51,50.5
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,50.49,3,50.490000,50.49,50.5



TRUNCATE
########

Returns the ``number`` truncated to ``precision`` places right of the decimal point. If ``precision`` is negative, the ``number`` is truncated to ``precision`` places to the left of the decimal point.

| Simple Syntax: 
| ``double/decimal TRUNCATE(double/decimal number, int precision)``

.. code-block:: sql
   :caption: TRUNCATE Function Example

   select PI(), TRUNCATE(PI(),3) as N_TRUNCATE,
   TRUNCATE(PI(),2) as N_TRUNCATE2,
   TRUNCATE(PI(),1) as N_TRUNCATE3
   from US_COMP_SAMPLE.TRD                  
   where SYMBOL_NAME='CSCO'                    
   and TIMESTAMP >= '2024-01-03 00:00:00 UTC'  
   and TIMESTAMP < '2024-01-04 00:00:00 UTC'   
   limit 5


.. csv-table:: TRUNCATE Function Example Results
   :header: ,Timestamp,PRICE,SIZE,N_TRUNCATE,N_TRUNCATE2,N_TRUNCATE3

   0,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413537416,3.14159265358979,3.141,3.14,3.1
   1,2024-01-03 00:00:40.413540299,3.14159265358979,3.141,3.14,3.1
   2,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026455739,3.14159265358979,3.141,3.14,3.1
   3,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026458843,3.14159265358979,3.141,3.14,3.1
   4,2024-01-03 00:03:34.026459421,3.14159265358979,3.141,3.14,3.1